Understanding Heart Failure
Heart failure is classified into Left-Sided Heart Failure and Right-Sided Heart Failure. Remember these key distinctions:
LEFT-Sided Heart Failure – 'L' for Lungs
When the left side of the heart struggles to pump blood efficiently, fluid backs up into the lungs, causing:
- Trouble breathing (Dyspnea)
- Crackles (Wet lung sounds)
- Pink frothy sputum (A sign of pulmonary edema)
RIGHT-Sided Heart Failure – 'R' for Rest of the Body
When the right side of the heart fails, fluid backs up into the systemic circulation, leading to:
- Swollen legs and ankles (Peripheral edema)
- Jugular vein distention (JVD) (Enlarged neck veins)
- Rapid weight gain (From fluid retention)
Common Medications You’ll Encounter
Managing heart failure often involves these key medications:
- Beta-blockers – Slow heart rate and reduce strain on the heart
- ACE Inhibitors – Lower blood pressure and improve heart function
- Diuretics – Help flush excess fluid and reduce swelling
- Antiarrhythmics – Control irregular heart rhythms